Historical timeline

The history of World War II in the United States officially begins with the bombing of Pearl Harbor in December 1941. For those of Japanese ancestry in America, there is little doubt that the attack marked the beginning of a very harrowing time, when the nation would not only challenge their patriotism but also test their endurance and their faith in humanity.

Yet a look at the years leading up to World War II demonstrates that the seeds of this turmoil were sown well before the fateful attack on US soil. And although the war would end in 1945, Japanese Americans would feel its impact for decades to come.

This timeline offers a look into this history, when definitions of national loyalty, citizenship, courage and compassion were forged for all Americans.

1941

In 1941, the US ramped up Japanese-American surveillance and, after Pearl Harbor, arrested community members, imposed martial law, and opened internment camps.

1943

In 1943, Japanese American Nisei soldiers trained, volunteered despite internment, and served in intelligence and combat across the Pacific, North Africa, and Italy while facing prejudice at home.

1945

In 1945, MIS Nisei served across the Pacific and Europe, aiding combat, intelligence, prisoner rescue, and occupation efforts, while the war ended with Japan’s surrender and restrictions on Japanese Americans were lifted.

Post-1946

From 1947 to the present, Japanese Americans received pardons, legal victories, and redress for wartime injustices; Nisei veterans served in Korea and Vietnam, achieved political milestones, and were honored with Medals of Honor, Congressional Gold Medals, and monuments recognizing their military service and contributions to civil rights.