Partial Transcript: Julian discusses what happens after he escapes from the German soldiers. Julian and Captain Bane go to the high hills because the German soldiers are mainly on the valley and the roads in Italy. On the hill, Julian comes across Northern Italian soldiers who are trying to go back home. Julian's objective is to find a way to get behind the line where the fighting is happening. Julian discusses the Battle of the Volturno. On the hill, Julian meets an Italian man who used to live in the United States and now lives in Formicola. Julian and Captain Bane reside on his land.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: European Theater; German soldiers; Italy; Naples

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Partial Transcript: Julian discusses his living condition on the top of the hill. He finds shelter between two boulders. The weather is cold and wet. He recalls using his undergarments as bandages for wounded soldiers. Therefore, Julian and Captain Bane are only wearing their wool uniform and combat boots. The Italian man brings Julian and Captain Bane food once a day. Moreover, they eat the fruits and nuts growing on the hilltop. Julian recalls the Italian man relocating them to a friend's house from being discovered by the Germans. Once the Germans left, Julian and Captain Bane travel down the mountain.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: European Theater; German soldiers; Italy; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: Julian recalls staying at the Italian man's friend's home for a few nights. Julian and a few former Italian soldiers are sitting on the stairway by their living quarters. They hear the German soldiers coming by the type of boots they are wearing. Julian and the former Italian soldiers run up the hill for safety. The Germans soldiers receive misinformation and go to the Italian man's house by mistake. The house is at a dead end, and the Germans eventually leave. The following day, Julian hears American cannon fire. Julian and Captain Bane quickly travel down the hill to the next big town. Julian and Captain Bane rejoin the American lines.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: artillery; artillery fire; European Theater; German soldiers; Italy; shrapnel

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Partial Transcript: After escaping German captivity, Julian rejoins the American troops. He is at headquarters when he meets a reporter from New York who writes an article about the capture. Look Magazine discovers the article when it is published and reaches out to Julian's mother for a photo of Julian. Julian's mother sends Look Magazine a photo of Julian, Captain Bane, and a Class Sergeant on the docks. The photo is taken when the Class Sergeant takes Julian and Captain Bane to retrieve their items.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: cameras; European Theater; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: Julian's battalion lands on September 9, in Italy and the battalion is hurt badly. On September 13, Julian, and some Commanding Officers are captured by the Germans. Julian does not reunite with the American troops until mid-October. When Julian returns to the Company, the person in charge of the Company is Lieutenant Buster from Regimental Headquarters. Captain Bane is taken into Battalion Headquarters.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: European Theater; German soldiers; Italy; Lieutenant; Prisoners of War; troop

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Partial Transcript: On September 20 the German soldiers have pulled out. Ray is training for the next action. He says either you are training or in combat. At this time Ray and his Company have moved to Mount Rotondo, France. When Ray and his company travel through the towns, the civilians have gotten used to the American soldiers' presence. Rays discuss the attitudes of the civilians who are friendly in the beginning until they need money. Food is scarce. The civilians would eat the leftovers from the GIs meals.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: C ration; candy; children; civilians; convoy; European Theater; France; German soldiers; Salerno

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Partial Transcript: Ray's next action happens when the Company moves north of Naples. At this point, the reality of war is scary for Ray but he pushes forward. At Mount Rotondo, Ray sets up his machine gun and waits for serval weeks before an attack happens. Ray describes the battle against the German soldiers. Ray clears it to the other side along with his number one machine gunner. Everyone in Ray's squad is hit by artillery fire.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: artillery; artillery fire; Cassino; German soldiers; Italy; Killed in Action; machine gunner; mortar

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Partial Transcript: In December, everyone in Ray's squad is injured when they make their attack at Mount Rotondo. Ray and his squad are classmates and live in the same neighborhood In El Paso. Ray did not get his squad back because they are hospitalized. Ray does not see his squad again until after the war at reunions. Ray is hospitalized in December and is in and out of surgery. He does not have a hot meal in six weeks. He requests to have a turkey dinner. Later, Ray attaches himself to G Company (rifle company) and goes to San Pietro, Italy. Ray is credit with several machine guns and a few snipers.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: European Theater; friendship; German soldiers; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: Ray is in the hospital for wounds on his back and malaria. He recalls the Catholic Nuns at the hospital handing out candy to the patients. Ray also remembers General Douglas MacArthur's visit and shares his encounter. He discusses his brother at Rapido River and getting wounded in the ankle by a French dumdum bullet (expanding bullet). Ray's driver visits Ray in the hospital and informs ray about his brother missing in action. Ray's brother happens to be in the same Company as he is. Ray leaves the hospital to go look for his brother. Ray is almost reported as a "deserter" but returns to the frontlines.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: candy; European Theater; front line; Italy; Missing in Action; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: Rays discuss Captain Schaffen who is well-loved by his company. He did the same as Ray and goes AWOL (absent without leave) from the hospital to go to the frontlines. He is killed in action at Rapido River. Ray is with Captain Schaffen until Monte Cassino, Italy. Ray recalls going up the steep hill single file and a dog. While traveling up the hill there are dead American soldiers. They are soldiers who attempt to go up the hill.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: battle; front line; German soldiers; Italy; Killed in Action

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Partial Transcript: Ray describes the surrounding areas of Monte Cassino. Ray sees the New Zealand troops and Gurkahs military trying to take Cassino.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: European Theater; Italy; mountain; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: Julians says, in the beginning, Monte Cassino has never occupied the German soldiers. They are all in the hill areas. After Monte Cassino is bombed by the American troops, the German soldiers occupy Monte Cassino for fortification. The German has strong powerful artillery, and they are firing from behind Monte Cassino. The German soldiers are also on the mountains east of Monte Cassino. Julian describes a mistake that the German soldiers make. Ray and Julian are aware the 100th Battalion is at Monte Cassino. Ray says the 100th arrives in Salerno.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: 100th; 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate); 442nd; artillery; artillery fire; European Theater; German soldiers; Hawaiian soldiers; Italy; mountain; Salerno; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: Ray makes friends with one of the soldiers from the 100th Battalion, Hideichi Shimabukuro. Ray is in the hospital for his wounds. In the ward, Hideichi is in the bed next to Ray's. After four months of being together, Hideichi teaches Ray how to play games and cards. Both men become good friends. Ray receives orders from Casablanca to return to the United States. Ray goes to the replacement depo near Naples for departure. Before Ray leaves the hospital, Hideichi gives Ray one hundred dollars to send to his family in Hawaii. Ray still remembers Hideichi's mailing address.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: 100th; 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate); European Theater; Hawaiian soldiers; Italy; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: When Ray returns to the United States, he buys a money order and sends the money to Hideichi's family in Hawaii. The two lost contact with one another. However, Ray continues to think about Hideichi. Ray remains in the service and goes to Korea. After Korea, Ray tries to locate Hideichi by contacting the 442nd Headquarters in Honolulu. Ray and Hideichi reconnect with each other through correspondence and have plans to meet. Later, Ray receives news from Hideichi's brother that Hideichi passes away from an accident.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: 100th; 442nd; correspondence; discharge; Hawaii; Hawaiian soldiers; Medal of Honor; post-war; veterans; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: Captain Bane is promoted to Battalion S3 and is killed in action at Rapido River. Julian describes the events that leads up to Captain Bane's death. At Monte Cassino, the pathway up the hill is narrow. The ground is all rocks and you cannot dig a foxhole. When the German soldiers finally come over the mountain, it is easy to knock them off. After Monte Cassino, Julian is Battalion S3 (Plans and Training Officer). In combat, Julian makes sure the Commander's orders are being carried out. After San Pietro, Julian is promoted to Company Commander Company H 143rd Battalion.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: artillery; artillery fire; Commander; European Theater; foxhole; German soldiers; Italy; Killed in Action; mortar; platoon; shrapnel

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Partial Transcript: Julians discusses the German soldiers clearing both sides of the banks at Rapido River. General Walker receives news the Germans have been fortifying along the Rapido River for months. However, he could not stops General Clark's decision to cross the Rapido River. After World War Two, General Clark becomes the President of The Citadel. Julian discusses General Walker and why he is beloved by his men. General Walker has been in the Army before World War One. In World War One, he commanded a Battalion, 3rd Division.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: European Theater; German soldiers; Italy; post-war; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: Even though there are many losses of soldiers from combat, Julian says the morale remains the same. Replacements are brought in to help with the men killed in action or wounded in action. According to Julian, it takes time for the replacement to get accustomed to their new surroundings. In Ray's opinion, it does not take long for the combat veterans and the replacement to get along. Julian says the 36th Division should get credit for Anzio. There is only one newspaper that reports on the event and accomplishments of the 36th Division. Julian describes the events at Anzio. After Anzio, The 36th Division heads to Rome.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: artillery; European Theater; German soldiers; machine gunner; Rome; shrapnel; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: Julian discusses the German soldiers leaving Rome. Julian is a Battalion S3 and travels with the first convoy through Rome. There are not many vehicles to transport the American soldiers. Julian remembers a lot of walking. The Germans have set up a few diversions for the American soldiers such as roadblocks and Middle Eastern soldiers to help on the ground. Julian recalls before Monte Cassino, he is sitting on the mountain and watching two British Army soldiers. Julian shares a story about the British soldiers stopping at the side of the road to have tea.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: artillery; artillery fire; candy; European Theater; German soldiers; Italy; occupation; Southern France; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: Ray discusses Screaming Mimi, 8 barrel mortar. This is an aircraft gun but the German soldiers use it in battle as an artillery weapon. Julian says the Germans fire the 8 barrel mortar similar to a rifle. Julian recalls Mount Rotondo. His company comes to relieve the 3rd Division. Julian is a Company Executive Officer, and Lieutenant Buster moves forward to view the German's observation. An 88 shell lands 10 yards from Lieutenant Buster and kills him. Ray discusses feeling a little safer when the American artillery observation airplane is flying above.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: artillery; artillery fire; European Theater; German soldiers; Killed in Action; mortar; rifle; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: Julians recalls Lieutenant Buster killed in action and Captain Bane returns. They move to a mountain near San Pietro and sees a German observation plane flying by. Julian says the German planes are huge and flies slow. Shortly after, an American pursuit plane comes, but could not follow the German observation plane.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: German soldiers; Southern France; World War Two

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Partial Transcript: Ray discusses the German Mauser. Julian comments the Mauser cannot fire as fast as an M1 (30-06). However, the M1 is easier the carry. The non-combat officer carries a Luger pistol. After the war, Julian comes back with a Burp gun (a fast automatic weapon) as a souvenir. Ray says the Burp gun fire approximately 127 rounds a minute. Besides the German guns, the German mines are just as lethal. Julian and Ray describe a bouncing Betty (S-mine) and how it functions. Another German mine is a Schu-mine. Julian and Ray both explain what is a tree burst. Ray says the second time he is injured, it is due to a tree burst.

Segment Synopsis:

Keywords: European Theater; German soldiers; rifle; shrapnel; World War Two

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